Another low bacteria from Ian Lipkin et. al [2017] study [Index to all posts on Study] was Alistipes putredinis was formerly known as Bacteroides putredinis (Weinberg et al., 1937) [2003]. Like the prior two bacteria, it is a butyrate producer. It is in the the lysine pathway [2014]
- “There was one isolate of Bacteroides putredinis resistant to chloramphenicol” [1999]
- “Adding meat back in to a vegan diet caused an immediate increase in the bacteria (Bilophila wadsworthia, Alistipes putredinis and species in the genus Bacteroides) that grow with exposure to bile, which increases when a person eats more fat.” [From Nature]
- “Alistipes putredinis, and Eggerthella spp. were associated with cruciferous vegetable intake” [2009]
We have very little information on increasing this one, but there is a hint that should be followed up.
Looking at Butyrate Producers
There are four main pathways (acetyl-CoA pathway, orange; glutarate pathway, blue; 4-aminobutyrate pathway, pink; lysine pathway, grey)[2014]. Shown below are these pathways.
One is missing, the lactate->butyrate path which is used by Clostridium Butyricum (while listed below — is blank).
This raises the question: is the low level due to the low level the “intake food the bacteria uses to produce butyrate”?? That is:
- Alistipes putredinis it is lysine, which suggests that lysine supplementation may help. A earlier post found no reports on lysine levels seen in CFS/IBS/FM.
- Clostridium Butyricum it is lactate (not a problem because CFS tends to be high in lactate)
- Faecalibacterium it is Acetyl coenzyme, from acetate, ethanol, valine, leucine, and isoleucine occurs. A earlier post found no reports on aline, leucine, isoleucine levels seen in CFS/IBS/FM.
- Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus it is class IV alcohol dehydrogenase [2016] from ethanol [1994]
Suggested Clinical Trials
As with the last post, 10 patients have their microbome measured before and then 2 weeks after the end of the interventions listed below. There should be a separate trial for each of the following.
- Lysine supplementation
- Valine supplementation
- Leucine supplementation
- Isoleucine supplementation
Additional trials could be done on specific cruciferous vegetables.
Bottom Line
Eat cruciferous vegetables! But no broccoli (see earlier post)! Supplementation with amino acids listed above could help — but we need trials.
THIS IS NOT MEDICAL ADVICE — this post is an education summary of what has been reported on PubMed. Always consult with a knowledgeable medical professional before changing diet, supplements and prescription drugs.
CFS Remission 