Are probiotics 100% safe – No, Just 99.99% safe

A reader messaged me about the safety of soil based organisms probiotics. I have touched on this a year ago in another post, there have been more studies since then. For hundreds of thousands of years, soil based organism was a part of our diet. I recall reading that the human gut bacteria has strong similarity to that seen around root vegetables. This is not surprising, pulling roots out of the ground (without washing!!!) was likely common for most of these thousands of years…

“But I read about someone getting sick from SBO!”

Well, there is similar risk from eating “safe” lactobacillus probiotics, cheese, yogurt, etc. Even deaths have been reported: “Lactobacillus-Cause of Death ” [2010]

” Lactobacillus has been used as a probiotic bacteria to treat diarrhea and is also present in dairy foods. It is hence commonly used. Lactobacillus endocarditis, an exceedingly unusual disorder, is accompanied by high mortality and poor response to treatment. ” – OUCH!

  • “In recent years, infections caused by Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium made up 0.05% to 0.4% of cases of endocarditis and bacteremia. In most cases, the infections were caused by endogenous microflora of the host or bacterial strains colonizing the host’s oral cavity. According to a review of cases of infections caused by bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus from 2005 (collected by J.P. Cannot’a), 1.7% of infections have been linked directly with intensive dairy probiotic consumption by patients. ” [Lactic acid bacteria and health: are probiotics safe for human?]. [2014]

Some more citations…’ bacteremia is a bad bacteria infection, endocarditis is a bacteria infection of the heart. It has been only in the last few years

Bottom Line

Probiotics are generally safe. No probiotic is 100% safe. To me, soil based bacteria are likely more beneficial then lactobacillus because they went along with our ancestor’s diet long before we started domestication of milk producing animals. There may be considerable basis to the hygiene hypothesis which would result from our modern pathological obsession with sterilization of food in the belief that all bacteria are bad.

 

Attention-deficit syndrome and microbiome

Cognitive impairment is common in CF[2017]. A reader asked about ADHD, the hyperactivity of Attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder is not typically reported, but the attention disorder is. There is not much published yet, but a few items were interesting:

“Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with abnormalities in dopamine neurotransmission” [2017]

  • “In a cross-sectional observational study, 123 previously confirmed FMS patients were screened for adult ADHD using the World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self Report scale v1.1. … Of the 123 participants, 44.72% (N = 55) screened positive for adult ADHD. [2017]
  • CFS patients were assessed for childhood and adult ADHD by clinical interview and ADHD-specific scales. Psychopathological comorbidities were evaluated by clinical examination and questionnaires. Forty-seven of 158 CSF patients (29.7%) were diagnosed of childhood ADHD and in 33 (20.9%), the condition persisted into adulthood. CFS patients with adult ADHD had an earlier CSF onset, more severe anxiety and depression symptoms, and a higher risk of suicide than CFS patients without ADHD. ” [2012]
  • “Although the cause of primary Restless Leg Syndrome(RLS) is still unknown, there is a strong connection between central metabolism of iron as well as dopamine levels and RLS manifestation. ” [2011]

Bacteria Shifts

A recent article  [2017] reported the following shifts

  • Increased Bifidobacterium
  • Increase of Actinobacteria
  • Increased Bifidobacteriales
  • Increased Bifidobacteriaceae
  • Increased Bifidobacterium Longum
  • Increased Bifidobacterium adolescentis
  • Increased Bifidobacterium Pseuodocatenulatum
  • Decreased Firmicutes
  • Decreased Clostridia
  • Decreased Clostridiales
  • Decreased Ruminococcaceae
  • Decreased Subdoliggranulum
  • Decreased Ruminococcus
  • Decreased Acetivibrio
  • Decreased Lachnospiraceae
  • Decreased Coprococcus
  • Decreased Coprococcus eutactus
  • Decreased Eggerthella
  • Decreased Desulfovibrionales
  • Decreased Deltaproteobacteria
  • Increased Proteobacteria
  • Increased Porphyromonadaceae
  • Increased Odoribacter
  • Increased Parabacteroides
  • Increased Rikenellaceae
  • Increased Alistipes

uBiome Analysis Page

If you have uBiome, after uploading/logging in, go to:
http://microbiomeprescription.com/condition/condition?code=3 

And you can see how closely you match the profile.

ADHD.PNG

As always with these conditions, recommendations are available to address the bacteria shifts associated with the conditions.

Bottom Line

The available study was done on Attentiondeficit AND  hyperactivity combined. We do not know which bacteria is associated with with. I would challenge the statisticians / AI / machine learning types to work from the above bacteria and the reported symptoms to try isolating those that are attention-deficit related.

This is an education post to facilitate discussing this approach with your medical professionals. It is not medical advice for the treatment of any medical condition. Always consult with your medical professional before doing any  changes of diet, supplements or activity. Some items cites may interfere with prescription medicines.

 

Ran into some issues using…

Ran into some issues using “ubiome” in the website name address.

Site is now:
http://microbiomeprescription.com/

I had to roll back to an older version of the site — because I was in the midst of an enhancement.

No data has been lost.

Coming soon — support for all areas in uBiome

This weekend I hope to finish making changes so that throat, nose and other ubiome samples may also be investigated.

Symptoms will be linked to the email + sample date, so there is no need to re-enter symptoms. This would allow people to see the impact of changes in mouth health by changes in habits they implemented.

Recommendations will continue to be ONLY for gut — there are not enough studies to venture into other areas.  BUT, if you start chewing mastic gum (something that I have suggested before), you should see the impact on your throat and nose bacteria.

Also simplified recommendations are being worked on.

Many items appear under 3-6 different names in the literature. The citation used the term used in the study. The simplification will replace things like:

with just resveratrol (whatever the common name of a supplement is).

This will impact some recommendations because we will stop double counting or under counting some modifiers.

Simple Summary of Progress between uBiome Samples

In my earlier post, COMPARING REPEATED UBIOME RESULTS, I provided a tool but little guidance on interpreting. The key question is always whether the symptoms improved, not whether some numbers change. We do not know which numbers are significant and which numbers are just natural variation.

Model Of Onset

People see progression of symptoms since onset. Each progression is likely associated with a set of changes in the uBiome. This can be represented in the chart below (which likely have a lot more items than shown).

Onset

Model Of Recovery

Our Wishful Model

This appears to happen in two scenarios:

  • Chemotherapy for Cancer in some cases
  • Fecal Matter Transplants — but usually do not persist longer than a few weeks

cure

Probable reality

This model comes from the model that we may have more than a dozen bacteria groups involved in the symptoms. For depression alone, we see 28!!. Being able to correct all of them in one-go is not likely. You may correct one and those not effected adapt to try entrenching themselves better (like filling the empty space of the bacteria reduced).

Route

Interpreting results of Comparisons

I am looking at a person with two samples. I have not automated the comparisons shown below, instead I selected a sample and then went to the page and did a simple count.

Over all, we went from 31 matches to 27 matches. One increased and three decreased — I wish it was possible to do decrease across all items…

Comparison Report – Summary

The original detail was done as a quickly and dirty report comparing numbers and attempts to keep people from becoming excessively focus on numbers (which we are not certain of significance – some are likely important and some are not… we do not know for sure which ones are).

From feedback, it is clear that a simpler report, the summary, would be easier to understand and likely more beneficial

Time between samples: 10 months

Metabolism is likely the most significant

Like the profiles used above, this filters ‘noise’ and looks at the net result of a lot of different bacteria.  I have just added a new item to the report

Average Metabolism (Ideal healthy would be 1.0)

  • Early sample 1.32
  • Later Sample 1.18

In short, the metabolism is improving greatly.

New and Updated Pages

There are now two buttons available for comparison

u1

The new report is Summary, and an example is shown below. The most significant ones are high lighted.

U2

  • Profiles – this means the total matches for all of the conditions we have profiles on
    • We see a decrease from 59 matches to 53.
    • The individual profiles are listed in plain text
    • A decrease suggests moving away from an autoimmune state
    • This is an objective measurement
  • Symptoms:
    • Symptoms are subjective, ideally we would like to see a decrease
    • Go to the detail reports to see what symptoms changed.
  • Metabolism Average
    • This is the average of the values transcribed from uBiome.
    • A perfect (healthy) score is 1.0
    • This is an objective measurement
  • Metabolism Standard Deviation
    • This is a measure of how scattered from a healthy score you are
    • A perfect (healthy) score is 0.0
    • This is an objective measurement

Bottom Line

The new summary page give you three objective measures of your progress. For the reader above, all three objective measures improved. The subjective measure (number of symptoms) increased — we do not record severity of symptoms because that is so-so-so very subjective, just a count.

Whiplash on Recommendations

The reader found that the recommendations changed a lot between the two samples. A change is expected if progress is made. Conceptually, the number of items with a high (or low — for avoid) should decrease if progress is made.  We see this in the samples of this reader, as shown below.

Take Lists

For Example 1, we had the > 4 take

amoxicillin
Azithromycin
florfenicol
Cranberry bean flour
Bacillus subtilis natto
Gallate
Flaxseed
High Fat
Plant-rich diet
ß-lactam antibiotics
Tannin
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Vitamin D
Polymannuronic acid

For Example 2, the list has grown smaller, with some new items appearing

Polymannuronic acid
Ketogenic diet
Lactobacillus kefiri
Low fat diets
L-Taurine
Lactobacillus plantarum
Bacillus subtilis natto

Avoid Lists

For Exampl1, the < -4 list

Arabinoxylans
black raspberries
Acetic acid
Chrysanthemum morifolium
ibuprofen
Isobutyric acid
Isovaleric acid
Sunflower Oil
High fruit intake
barley
Saccharin
Saccharomyces boulardii
animal-based protein
High meat diet
Fraxinus angustifolia
berberine

For Example 2, the list is again smaller for < -4, with a few items in common

Walnuts
Navy bean
berberine
High protein diet
Carboxymethyl cellulose
Polysorbate 80
ku ding cha tea
barley
Fraxinus angustifolia